Romantic Landscape
English 233, Fall 2001, Alan Liu
Notes for Class 9 (back to schedule)
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Turner and Artistic Tradition

    Turner and Claude
Dido Building Carthage (1815)


Crossing the Brook (1815)
Claude Lorrain, Embarkation of the Queen of Sheba (1648)

Claude Lorrain, Hagar and the Angel (1646)

cf., Constable, The Cornfield (1826)

    Turner and Gainsborough
Willows Beside a Stream (1805) Thomas Gainsborough, A Cart Passing Along a Winding Road

    Turner and Canaletto
Bridge of Sighs, Ducal Palace and Custom-House, Venice - Canaletti (Canaletto) Painting (1833) Giovanni Antonio Canal (Canaletto), Grand Canal - Looking South-West (c. 1738)

    Turner and Other Old Masters

Two Women and a Letter (c. 1830)

Pilate Washing his Hands (1830 exh.)

A Lady in Van Dyck Costume (c. 1830-1835)

Watteau Study by Fresnoy's Rules (1831 exh.)

 

    Turner and Dutch Marine Painting
Fishermen at Sea (1796 exh.)



Dortrecht - The Dort Packet-Boat from Rotterdam Becalmed (1818)
Willem van der Velde (1633-1707), A Dutch Vessel Close-Hauled in a Strong Breeze (c. 1672)

Aelbert Cuyp (1620-91), The Maas at Dordrecht (c. 1660)

    Turner and the Picturesque (and Topographical Art)

Interior of Tintern Abbey (1794)

Manor House Gateway (1798)

 

    Turner and the Sublime

The Passage of the St Gothard (1804)

Fall of an Avalanche in the Grisons
(1810)

The Mer de Glace and Source of the Arveyron, Chamonix (1803)

The Great Falls of the Reichenbach (1804)

 

 

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Turner and British Landscape Watercolor Painting

John Robert Cozens (1752-97)

Claude Lorrain's use of washes

Galleries of the Royal Academy & Society of Painters in Water-Colours

Paul Sandby (c. 1730-1809)

Thomas Hearne (1744-1817)

Francis Towne

John Glover (1767-1849)

Constable's watercolors

Thomas Girtin (1775-1802)

Turner's watercolors | Turner and Venice | Norham Castle, Sunrise (c. 1835-1840)

           (cf., painting on glass) | Sir George Beaumont, Peele Castle

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Turner's Oil Painting

(1) Toward the Release of the Medium
Fishermen at Sea
(1796 exh.) oil on canvas, 91.4 x 122.2 cm, Tate Gallery

Calais Pier, with French Poissards Preparing for Sea - An English Packard Arriving
(1803) oil on canvas, 68 x 95 3/8", National Gallery, London

 

 

The Shipwreck                (Detail)
(1805 exh.) oil on canvas, 170.5 x 241.6 cm, Tate Gallery


(2) Is This What the Sea Looks Like?
Rough Sea with Wreckage
(c. 1840-1845) oil on canvas, 92.1 x 122.6 cm, Tate Gallery

Snow Storm - Steam-Boat off a Harbour's Mouth
(1842 exh.) oil on canvas, 91.4 x 121.9 cm, Tate Gallery

        Ruskin on Snow Storm



(3) The Apocalypse of Vision
(4) The Vision of Nothing (P. B. Shelley, "Mont Blanc")

(5) Apocalypse as the Allegory of Vision
(6)
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Supplementary Readings

Turner
  • Ruskin on Turner (overview, plus excerpts from Ruskin's Modern Painters) (Art Bin)
  • William Hardy, The History and Techniques of the Great Masters: Turner (Secaucus, NJ: Chartwell, 1988)
  • Diana Hirsch, et al., The World of Turner, 1775-1851 (New York: Time-Life, 1969)

Watercolors

  • Jane Bayard, Works of Splendor and Imagination: The Exhibition Watercolor, 1770-1870 (New Haven: Yale Center for British Art, 1981)
  • Lindsay Stainton, British Landscape Watercolours, 1600-1860 (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1985)

General

  • Harold Osborne, ed., The Oxford Companion to Art (Oxford: Oxford UP, 1970) [very useful for definitions of technical terms in painting—e.g., "scumble," "glaze," "underpainting," "watercolor," "bodycolor," "gouache," "perspective," etc.
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